CAUSAL SEMANTICS OF KEY COMPONENTS IN A SENTENCE WITH SPREADERS

Abstract

One of the leading functions of language is the ability to represent causal (causal) relations reflecting the structure of objective reality. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the causal semantics of key components in a sentence with spreaders, considered as a dynamic structural and semantic unit of the text, which is an actual area of modern linguistic research. Causality is presented as a universal typological category, which is realised through a variety of linguistic mechanisms for expressing causal relations. The research focuses on the study of the semantic category of causation as a factor that initiates or determines the occurrence of other events or phenomena in the linguistic world picture. The main part of the article deals with the specifics of realisation of causal relations formed with the participation of various linguistic means: grammatical, lexical-semantic and pragmatic.The article analyses the typology of causal constructions represented in modern Ukrainian discourse. The work is based on selected studies of Ukrainian linguists. The systemic features of the functioning of the conjunctions of the causal semantic series (because, because of, since, after all, etc.) are highlighted, and the syntactic role of predicative and non-predicative units that reveal causal relations between the event components of the sentence is investigated.Particular attention is paid to the semantic valence of verbal predicates, as well as to the role of actants and optional modifiers in the formation of the causal paradigm. It is established that the transformational processes of sentence expansion through the introduction of causal members can significantly modify both the formal and semantic structure of the sentence, causing a regrouping of information focuses and modal reorientation of the sentence.The study reveals that causal relations within a sentence with spreaders are of a multivalent nature, due to the interaction of grammatical structure, semantic load of individual components and contextual factors. Additionally, it has been found that causal relations in spreading sentences are dynamic and multicomponent in nature.